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Compositiions
Starch | 71-78% in groats 70-91% in different types of flour Starch is 25% amylose and 75% amylopectin. Depending on hydrothermal treatment, buckwheat groats contain 7-37% of resistant starch. |
Proteins | Crude protein is 18%, with biological values above 90%. This can be explained by a high concentration of all essential amino acids, especially lysine, threonine, tryptophan, and the sulphur-containing amino acids. |
Minerals | Rich in iron (60-100 ppm), zinc (20-30 ppm) and selenium (20-50 ppb) |
Antioxidants | 10-200 ppm of rutin and 0.1-2% of tannins |
Aromatic compounds | Salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde) was identified as a characteristic component of buckwheat aroma.2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, phenylacetaldehyde, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, (E)-2-nonenal, decanal and hexanal also contribute to its aroma. They all have odour activity value more than 50, but the aroma of these substances in an isolated state does not resemble buckwheat. |